Solar⁃powered water evaporation as a solar⁃powered photothermal conversion application has attracted people's attention due to its high solar energy conversion efficiency and the industrial potential of clean water production. In recent years, solar⁃powered evaporation systems, which position energy conversion between solar energy and thermal energy at the air/liquid interface, have been proposed as an alternative to conventional volumetric heating evaporation because they can reduce heat loss and increase energy conversion efficiency. In this review, we discussed how to implement high⁃performance evaporation system design strategies, including porous nanostructures, interfacial evaporation structures, and wicking structures, as well as three systems that described solar⁃driven water evaporation, namely volume systems, interface systems, and Isolation system. This paper described the possibility of applying this solar⁃driven interface evaporation process to desalination and wastewater treatment, and discussed some of the problems and challenges.

In order to better deal with the oily sludge produced in the process of oil production, gathering and transportation as well as oil refining, and in line with the current development trend of environment⁃friendly chemicals in the petrochemical industry, it is very important to use environmentally friendly and low toxic and non⁃toxic chemical reagents in the neighborhood of sewage treatment. This paper introduces a new cleaning agent for oil sludge. Compared with the traditional cleaning agent, the new cleaning agent uses natural chemical derivatives (environmental friendly plant solvent is the main component), which has the characteristics of low toxicity, low pollution and high cleaning efficiency. The use temperature is 5~10 ℃ lower than the field use temperature, further reducing the use of energy. Under the synergism of composite cleaning agent, the residual oil rate in the cleaned sludge can be less than 2%, which has a wide and excellent application prospect.

In view of the increasingly serious problem of corrosion and perforation of the oil pipe caused by water source well in the SZ36-1 oilfield, the corrosion law of the pipe is studied under field conditions and the corrosion is predicted. The Orthogonal experiment of five factors and four levels is designed to analyze the effects of temperature, pressure, flow rate, CO ₂ concentration and salinity on the corrosion rate.The main controlling factors in the corrosion environment of the water source well of SZ36-1 oilfield are temperature and CO ₂ concentration. The corrosion prediction model is established and compared by multiple linear regression analysis and BP neural network. The comparative analysis results show that the corrosion prediction model based on multiple linear regression method has higher prediction accuracy and is more suitable for corrosion prediction of oilfield water source well.

The probability of a number of basic events itself was uncertain and fuzzy when the traditional FTA method was used in the practical quantitative analysis quite. It was difficult to obtain the exact probability from failures, which violated the premise of exact probability selected. In order to solve the traditional fault tree analysis (FTA) of the probability the basic event fuzzy and uncertain problems, the concept of fuzzy theory were introduced, and the fuzzy probability was used to deal with the basic events lack of statistical data. The basic events of fuzzy probability were described by using a clear triangular fuzzy number, the fuzzy probability distribution of top event layer by layer was obtained, and the fuzzy importance of each basic event was determined by using fuzzy numbers value method. And the sort of top event of failure factors was obtained, the main factors influencing the accident were identified and effective measures from fundamentally preventive and the key points to control the top event were proposed.

The numerical simulation study was performed on the sulfurous gas leakage diffusion. The effects of obstacles shape, slope size of obstacles and the distance between leakage hole and obstacles in the calculation region and different wind speeds on leakage diffusion process were analyzed. The hydrogen sulfide component and methane component safety area were simulated in the different conditions. The results showed that under the action of wind, the presence of obstacles changed the motion path of the gas leakage and led the leakage gas to store in front of its surface. The height of leakage gas diffusion was increased and its transmission in horizontal direction was prevented if the obstacle was no slope obstructions(buildings). The horizontal distance of leakage gas diffusion was increased if the obstacle was gradient obstacles(mountain), and the leakage gas started setting down in the protected area after it bypass obstacles when the wind speed was more than a certain speed, causing the safety area reduced.Reducing obstacles slope, light wind could not influence the diffusion of gas, the leakage of gas was surrounded by obstacles and diffused near the ground when the heavy wind came. Increasing obstacles slope, leakage gas diffusion regularity of slope was similar with no obstructions. The suggestion for emergency rescue and safety management of sulfurous gas leakage accident was provided.

Wireless laser communication is a new form of communication in which information is promulgated through space and the laser is used as carrier wave. The ATP technology with highprecision and highautomation is one of the key techniques, which can be related to the success of creating the space optical communication link and the quality stand of communication. It is analyzed the fourquadrant detection technology and area array CCD detection technology, gave the specific calculation algorithm of the spot center and dew the relevant conclusions through simulations. The simulation results show that, for QD detection, in order to restrain the background light can be used for audio modulation; CCD array detector, using spatial filtering to eliminate the influence of background light, and then laid the groundwork for the establishment of optical communication link.

The mast hoisting mechanism is one of the important parts of actuating unit when the mast is hoisting. To synchronies the speed of mast hydro-cylinder and rope speed the functional relation model of cylinder trust, piston speed and rope speed is built. Considering the parameters of crawler crane with MATLAB the functional model was simulated. The result shows that this control algorithm can ensure the synchronization of two mechanisms. The innovation method of mechanism synchronization was suggested in this passage and it is valuable in engineering application.

The content of copper, zinc and nickel in waste active muddy soil were measured by microwave digestion-fire atomic absorption spectrometry（FAAS）, and the optimization condition was studied. The results are compared with that of acid digestion at atmosphere. The results of the above two method are similar. The experiment results show that two steps are suggested in microwave digestion. Microwave power is 340 W, constant time is 10 min, and microwave pressure is 0.4 MPa and 0.45 MPa in each step, respectively. Linear range of copper, zinc, nickel is 0～20，0～12 and 0～25 mg/L respectively. Detection limit of copper, zinc, nickel is 0.300 0，0.030 7 and 0.010 6 mg/L respectively. Average recovery of copper, zinc, nickel in waste active muddy soil samples is 97.6%,98.9% and 96.5% respectively, and relative standard deviation is 1.74%,0.95% and 1.00% respectively.

The stock price is influenced by many factors. The share ratio in circulation, the size of company, per share earnings and net asset value per share were considered as the important indexes which decide the stock price. Feltham-Ohlson model was expanded, and the empirical result indicates that the share ratio in circulation effects on the stock price negatively and the other three indexes also influence the price largely. In the implementing moment of the reform of dual-class equity structure, the impact of the share ratio in circulation to stock price, to provide reference for the listed companies to make their financial policies was studied, for the investors to make their reasonable decisions, for the short-term investors to make sensible choice from the aspect of negotiability.